General Summary:
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In general, a second citizenship conferes on someone the full rights of citizenship of a country. For most countries, Citizens are issued a form of identity card which identify and prove their status as Citizens of that country. As a right, a citizen would be issued an international passport of the said country on application for same.▣
For most countries, rights granted to their foreign born citizen include but not limited to the following, the right to work, the right to apply for immediate relatives (wife/husband and children) to join them as residents in the country of their citizenship. In some countries, foreign born citizens vote in local elections, vie for elected positions in the elections; except for the office of the presidency.▣
In many countries, a foreign born citizen is allowed to retain their citizenship at their birth/home country if they wish. In such jurisdictions an individual can hold dual Citizenship/Nationality. But some countries do not permit such for their citizens. Such jurisdictions would require the renunciation of the prospects' existing citizenship to be granted a different one (theirs). It is illegal to hold dual citizenships in such countries.▣
A person may be granted a citizen of a country if they meet the requirements for attaining Citizenship. However, Such is not as simple as it sounds. Some countries may revoke a citizenship granted to their foreign born citizens if such citizen commits/engages in certain level of criminal activity and deport such foreign born citizen.